Bihar Board 12th Chemistry Syllabus | Download PDF

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Bihar Board 12th Chemistry: Unit-Wise Marks Distribution 

The complete Bihar Board Class 12 Chemistry theory paper is 70 marks. Here is the official unit-wise marks distribution:

💡 Expert Tip by eSaral Academic Team: "Map this table to your study schedule. Units 7, 12, 2, 3, 4, and 8 together account for 34 marks out of 70 — nearly half the paper. Clearing these 6 units well before boards is your fastest path to a strong score."

Which Chapters Have the Highest Weightage?

Based on the marks distribution above, here are the top priority chapters for the Bihar Board Class 12 Chemistry:

Tier 1 — Highest Priority (5–8 marks each)

• p-Block Elements — 8 marks (highest in the paper)
• Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids — 6 marks
• Solutions — 5 marks
• Electrochemistry — 5 marks
• Chemical Kinetics — 5 marks
• d and f-Block Elements — 5 marks

These 6 units together carry 34 marks. Master these before moving to lower-weightage topics.

Tier 2 — Medium Priority (4 marks each)

• Solid State — 4 marks
• Haloalkanes and Haloarenes — 4 marks
• Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers — 4 marks
• Organic Compounds Containing Nitrogen — 4 marks
• Biomolecules — 4 marks

Tier 3 — Lower Weightage (3 marks each)

• Surface Chemistry — 3 marks
• General Principles of Isolation of Elements — 3 marks
• Coordination Compounds — 3 marks
• Polymers — 3 marks
• Chemistry in Everyday Life — 3 marks

Do not skip Tier 3 units entirely — 3-mark questions are often conceptual and quick to prepare. But invest your deep study time in Tier 1 first.

Download BIHAR BOARD 12 CHEMISTRY DETAILED SYLLABUS PDF

Detailed Chapter-Wise Syllabus: Physical Chemistry Units 

Physical Chemistry units form the quantitative core of the Bihar Board 12th Chemistry paper. These require both conceptual clarity and numerical practice.

Unit 1 — Solid State (4 Marks)

• Classification of solids based on binding forces: ionic, covalent, metallic, molecular
• Crystalline vs Amorphous Solids
• Unit cell in 2D and 3D lattices; density of unit cell
• Packing in solids; voids; number of atoms per unit cell
• Point defects
• Band theory: metals, conductors, semiconductors, insulators
• n-type and p-type semiconductors

Unit 2 — Solutions (5 Marks)

• Types of solutions
• Methods of expressing concentration
• Vapour pressure of liquid solutions
• Colligative properties and determination of molar mass
• Osmosis and osmotic pressure
• Depression of freezing point
• Abnormal molecular mass

Unit 3 — Electrochemistry (5 Marks)

• Redox reactions
• Electrolytic cells and electrolysis
• Galvanic cells, dry cells: EMF of a cell
• Nernst equation and applications
• Kohlrausch's Law
• Corrosion
• Fuel cells

Unit 4 — Chemical Kinetics (5 Marks)

• Rate of reaction; factors affecting rate; temperature dependence
• Order and molecularity of reaction; rate law; specific rate constant
• Integrated rate equations; half-life
• Activation energy; Arrhenius equation
• Concept of collision theory

Unit 5 — Surface Chemistry (3 Marks)

• Adsorption: factors affecting the adsorption of gases on solids
• Catalysis: homogeneous and heterogeneous; enzyme catalysis
• Colloidal state; distinction between true solutions, colloids, and suspensions
• Preparation and properties of colloids: Tyndall effect, Brownian movement, electrophoresis, coagulation
• Emulsions and their types

💡 Expert Tip by eSaral Academic Team: "In Physical Chemistry, focus on writing balanced equations for Electrochemistry (Nernst equation) and practising order-of-reaction problems for Chemical Kinetics. Both chapters have high numerical question probability in Bihar Board exams."

Detailed Chapter-Wise Syllabus: Inorganic Chemistry Units 

Inorganic Chemistry is largely factual but has the highest single-unit weightage in the paper. Consistent revision of reactions and properties pays off directly.

Unit 6 — General Principles and Processes of Isolation of Elements (3 Marks)

• Principles and methods of extraction
• Oxidation and reduction in metallurgy
• Electrolytic method and refining
• Occurrence and extraction of aluminium, copper, zinc, and iron

Unit 7 — p-Block Elements (8 Marks) ⭐ Highest Weightage

Group 15 Elements:

• Configuration, oxidation states, occurrence, physical and chemical properties
• Nitrogen: preparation, properties, uses; properties of ammonia and nitric acid; oxides of nitrogen
• Phosphorus: allotropic forms; phosphine, PCl₃, PCl₅, oxoacids

Group 16 Elements:

• Configuration, oxidation states, occurrence, physical and chemical properties
• Dioxygen: preparation, properties, uses
• Classification of oxides ozone
• Sulphur: allotropic forms; SO₂, sulphuric acid, oxoacids of sulphur

Group 17 Elements:

• Configuration, oxidation states, occurrence, physical and chemical properties
• Halogen compounds; uses of chlorine and HCl; interhalogen compounds; oxoacids of halogens

Group 18 Elements:

• Configuration, oxidation states, occurrence, physical and chemical properties

Unit 8 — d and f-Block Elements (5 Marks)

• Transition metals: characteristics and occurrence
• Configuration, oxidation states, physical and chemical properties
• Potassium dichromate and potassium permanganate: preparation and properties
• Lanthanoids: configuration, oxidation states, lanthanoid contraction
• Actinoids: configuration and oxidation states

Unit 9 — Coordination Compounds (3 Marks)

• Werner's theory of coordination compounds
• IUPAC nomenclature of mononuclear coordination compounds
• Valence bond theory and crystal field theory
• Structure and stereoisomerism
• Bonding in metal carbonyls

Detailed Chapter-Wise Syllabus: Organic Chemistry Units 

Organic Chemistry units together carry 28 marks in the Bihar Board 12th Chemistry paper — the largest block. Strong organic chemistry is also directly relevant for NEET preparation. See the NEET Chemistry weightage page for how these chapters overlap with NEET.

Unit 10 — Haloalkanes and Haloarenes (4 Marks)

• Haloalkanes: classification, nomenclature, nature of C-X bond, applications
• Haloarenes: nature of C-X bond, substitution reactions
• Environmental effects of dichloromethane, trichloromethane, tetrachloromethane, iodoform, freons, DDT

Unit 11 — Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers (4 Marks)

• Alcohols: nomenclature, preparation, physical and chemical properties; mechanism of dehydration; identification of primary, secondary, tertiary alcohols; uses
• Phenols: nomenclature, preparation, properties, acidic nature, electrophilic substitution reactions, uses
• Ethers: nomenclature, preparation, properties, uses

Unit 12 — Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids (6 Marks) ⭐ Second Highest

• Aldehydes and Ketones: nomenclature, preparation methods, properties, nucleophilic addition reactions
• Carboxylic Acids: nomenclature, acidic nature, preparation methods, physical and chemical properties, uses

Unit 13 — Organic Compounds Containing Nitrogen (4 Marks)

• Amines: structure, classification, nomenclature, preparation, properties, uses; identification of primary, secondary, tertiary amines
• Cyanides and isocyanides: structure, classification, nomenclature, preparation, properties, uses
• Diazonium salts: structure, nomenclature, preparation, properties; importance in synthetic organic chemistry

Unit 14 — Biomolecules (4 Marks)

• Carbohydrates: classification and uses
• Proteins: structure; α-amino acids; peptide bond; polypeptides; denaturation of proteins and enzymes
• Vitamins: classification and functions
• Nucleic acids: DNA and RNA structures

Unit 15 — Polymers (3 Marks)

• Classification and polymerisation methods
• Copolymerisation
• Natural and synthetic polymers
• Biodegradable and non-biodegradable polymers

Unit 16 — Chemistry in Everyday Life (3 Marks)

• Chemicals in medicines: antiseptics, disinfectants, antibiotics, antacids, antihistamines, antifertility drugs
• Chemicals in food: preservatives, artificial sweetening agents
• Cleansing agents: soaps and detergents; cleansing action

How to Download the Bihar Board 12th Chemistry Syllabus PDF 

Follow these steps to download the official Bihar Board Class 12 Chemistry syllabus PDF:

1. Visit the official BSEB website: biharboardonline.bihar.gov.in
2. Navigate to "Academics" → "Syllabus" → "Class 12"
3. Select "Science" stream
4. Download the Chemistry syllabus PDF

Alternatively, download the eSaral app for the complete chapter-wise syllabus for the Bihar Board, along with video lectures covering all 16 units for both board and competitive exam preparation.

Preparation Tips Based on Syllabus Weightage 

Now that you know the marks distribution, here is a strategic approach to preparing the Bihar Board Class 12 Chemistry syllabus:

Start with the High-Weightage Units

Begin your preparation with p-Block Elements (8 marks), Aldehydes/Ketones/Carboxylic Acids (6 marks), and the 5-mark units (Solutions, Electrochemistry, Chemical Kinetics, d/f-Block Elements). These 6 units = 34 marks. Clear them first.

Use NCERT as the Primary Source

Bihar Board Class 12 Chemistry is almost entirely NCERT-based. Read every NCERT chapter thoroughly, including all in-text examples and chapter-end exercises. Questions often come directly from the NCERT.

Make Reaction Lists for Organic Chemistry

Organic units (10–13) have 16 marks combined. Make a dedicated reaction chart — named reactions, mechanisms, and reagents. Bihar Board frequently tests specific named reactions like Cannizzaro, Aldol condensation, and Sandmeyer reaction.

Revise Inorganic Reactions Regularly

p-Block Elements (8 marks) involves numerous properties and reactions across 4 groups. Use a short weekly revision session of 30 minutes to keep these reactions fresh. Don't study the p-block only once and move on.

Practice Numericals for Physical Chemistry

Units 2, 3, and 4 (Solutions, Electrochemistry, Chemical Kinetics) all involve calculations. Practise at least 5–7 numerical problems per unit from NCERT exercises and previous year Bihar Board papers.

Students preparing for NEET alongside the Bihar Board should note that the NEET syllabus has a significant overlap with the Bihar Board Chemistry, particularly in Organic and Physical Chemistry units. Similarly, JEE Main aspirants can reference the JEE Main syllabus for chapter overlap. Preparing for the Bihar Board Chemistry well simultaneously strengthens NEET and JEE Main Chemistry — dual benefit.

Download BIHAR BOARD 12 CHEMISTRY DETAILED SYLLABUS PDF